Finland
In Finland, victims of human trafficking are formally identified by the National Assistance System for Victims of Human Trafficking. Victims can receive support as long as the person is a client of the National Assistance System without having to initiate criminal process or cooperate with law enforcement authorities. Child victims of human trafficking are entitled to additional services, such as education.
The National Assistance System is the focal point in Finland and operates a national anti-trafficking hotline: +358 295 463 177.
Identification
In Finland, almost anyone can identify a presumed victim of trafficking. The formal identification of a victim of human trafficking is done by the National Assistance System, when the presumed victim is admitted to receive its services. The National Assistance System functions as a national focal point in human trafficking cases, including child victims, and operates a 24/7 hotline that is available for anyone.
Early and immediate assistance
Upon being accepted to the National Assistance System, the victims can receive support as long as they have the need for it. Victims do not have to cooperate with the law enforcement authorities to receive assistance. Child victims admitted to the Assistance System are always provided with assistance irrespective of their residence status. The assistance for child victims is coordinated by the National Assistance System, Child Welfare authorities and Wellbeing Service Counties.
Temporary residence permits
Victims of human trafficking can apply two types of temporary residence permits in Finland: temporary residence permit connected to pre-trail investigation and the temporary residence permit for a victim of human trafficking in a particularly vulnerable position. The permits are often granted for 6-12 months, with the possibility for extension. Both temporary residence permits include the right to work.
Pre-trial investigation and criminal proceedings
Victims of human trafficking have rights to several assistance and support measures during the criminal process on top of the assistance they receive from the National Assistance System. During the court hearings, safety measures, such as safe housing, can be offered to a victim of human trafficking. Victims of human trafficking can seek compensation for pecuniary and non-pecuniary damages from the perpetrator in criminal proceedings or in separate civil court proceedings. In situations where the perpetrator does not have sufficient assets, compensation can be applied through the State Treasury.
Long-term assistance and residence permits
Victims of human trafficking have different options for a long-term residence in Finland. These include for instance a work permit, permit based on family ties, international protection or a continuous permit for a victim of human trafficking. Upon receiving a residence permit and a home municipality, victims of human trafficking are entitled to general integration services in Finland.
Voluntary return and reintegration
The Finnish Immigration Service is responsible for the voluntary return programme (AVRR) in Finland. Assisted voluntary return can be organized for victims of human trafficking regardless of their nationality and country of return. Assistance for voluntary return includes compensation of travel costs, help with return arrangements and assistance to support the reintegration into the country of return.
